. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3. NULL in operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1. Mathematical and string operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.2. Boolean operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . harm if you add it to a number or stick it to the back of a string. In reality, performing such operations will render the entire expression NULL. This guide explores the behaviour of NULL in Firebird

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.4.4. Operations Using Date and Time Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fixed-Point Data Types Fixed-point data types ensure the predictability of multiplication and division operations, making them the choice for storing monetary values. Firebird implements two fixed-point data 1 DATE type. 3.4.4. Operations Using Date and Time Values The method of storing date and time values makes it possible to involve them as operands in some arithmetic operations. In storage, a date value

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Table of Contents 2 3.4.6. Operations Using Date and Time Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . while 1E-398 is stored as coefficient 1, exponent -398. Behaviour of DECFLOAT Operations The behaviour of DECFLOAT operations in a session, specifically rounding and error behaviour, can be configured Fixed-Point Data Types Fixed-point data types ensure the predictability of multiplication and division operations, making them the choice for storing monetary values. Firebird implements two fixed-point data

include connecting to a database, creating a database, and launching the gsec utility. All these operations are described later on in this guide. Server check: Windows, running as service Open Control ALTER and DROP statements. It cannot be recommended too strongly that you use DDL – not direct SQL operations on the system tables – whenever you need to alter or remove metadata. Defer the “hot fix” stuff off (or disabled). It is sometimes resorted to in order to improve performance during large batch operations. Disabling forced writes on Windows The big warning here is: do not disable forced writes on

information request items, and the meaning of operations. Unless otherwise indicated, a client request must be flushed to the server for processing. For some operations the flush can be deferred, so it is sent deferring of operations, including deferring the read of the response. Chapter 1. Introduction 3 Chapter 2. Responses The wire protocol has a limited set of responses. Some operations have a specific

ALTER and DROP statements. It cannot be recommended too strongly that you use DDL – not direct SQL operations on the system tables – whenever you need to alter or remove metadata. Defer the “hot fix” stuff off (or disabled). It is sometimes resorted to in order to improve performance during large batch operations. The big warning here is: do not disable forced writes on a Windows server. It has been observed while performing a restore using gbak -r[eplace] then users may be able to log in and attempt to do operations on data. Corrupted structures will result. Where to next? How to get help The community of willing

Firebird client (e.g. /opt/firebird/bin/isql) and connecting to a database or creating one. These operations are described later in this guide. If it turns out that the server hasn’t been started after disabled). It is sometimes resorted to in an attempt to improve performance during large batch operations. Chapter 7. Protecting your data 40 Disabling forced writes on Windows The big warning here while performing a restore using gbak -rep then users may be able to log in and attempt to do operations on data. Corrupted structures will result. Chapter 7. Protecting your data 41 Chapter 8. How

Records affected: 1 Chapter 18. Isql Set Commands 42 The record count is displayed for all DDL operations, not just for a SELECT. SQL> create table fred( a integer); SQL> commit; SQL> insert into fred specifies the type of data stored in tables, and which operations may be performed on this data. It can also include permissible calculative operations and maximum data size. Examples of data types include:

database is closed, the SYSDBA or the database owner can still connect to perform maintenance operations or even query and update the database tables.  If you specify a long time for the shutdown command authorised users — not just SYSDBA or the database owner. This option is not accepted for shutdown operations. multi This is the default mode as described above. When the database is shutdown as above, or

the standard input and/or standard output channels are used, it is not permitted to execute seek operations on these channels. Using 'stdin' or 'stdout' as file names with gbak will force gbak to use processing section was also added to show how, using the above in conjunction with SSH, backup and/or restore operations could be carried out on databases where one or both of the databases in question, are remote.