requests to deploy both application and infrastructure changes to Kubernetes. With the entire state of your cluster kept under source control, diff tools and synchronization agents can compare what’s to normal if needed. CANONICALLY VERSIONED DESIRED SYSTEM STATE Now, by being able to declaratively store your desired system state in Git, you can easily apply versioning — as one does to application system configuration state, i.e., infra config code present in Git. This makes rollbacks easier in case your desired state in Git results in system instability for your actual state present in the cluster

Kubernetes clusters using familiar patterns. A more refined way to manage configurations and declare the state of everything in a given Kubernetes cluster called GitOps is something that Christian embraced wholeheartedly them to return their entire platform (not just the workloads running on them) back to its original state. They essentially implemented infrastructure as code by keeping every- thing they wrote (including of APIs that uses state as a central point of deciding what and how to operate on something. Kubernetes controls the operating environment by comparing the declared (desired) state of an object to the

streamline the development process. This leads to building reproducible infrastructure with proper state management, which both: Increases the overall visibility Reduces the management overhead of the application complete system is configured declaratively. This declarative approach is focused on the result (desired state) rather than the steps needed to achieve the required result. This declarative approach allows users an imperative approach. As a state-aware declarative approach, users can easily store these states in Git, facilitating convenient deployments and rollbacks. The system state is versioned in Git All the

● Integration with secrets providers ● No hand-rolled deployments: If you want to change the state you need to perform a Git operation such as creating a commit or opening a pull request Specifically the cluster state in an ad hoc manner. Instead, the desired state should be defined within GitOps tools at any moment. Those continuously compare the current state with the desired state to ensure the actual deployment by pulling changes in your cluster (and thus making the cluster state the same as the Git state). This scenario is great in theory and is certainly applicable to simple scenarios

impact ○ Declarative configuration with a known end state ● Auditable - Traceable changes to infrastructure and applications ○ Understand exact state during any prior time period ● Accessible - Changes as a system of record for the desired state of configuration ● Pull requests drive all application & infrastructure changes ● Cluster state always matches Git state ○ Tooling should understand and monitor GitOps ● Templating: Helm, Kustomize, and more ● Configuration Drift: Monitors live state against desired state ● Enterprise Ready: SSO, multi-cluster, and audit trails ● Extensibility: Rich CLI,

are pushed and approved in Git. It also makes use of diff tools to compare the actual production state with what’s under source control and alerts you when there is a divergence. The ultimate goal can also be dependably and quickly reproduced. --------------- --- The canonical desired system state is versioned in Git. With the declaration of your system stored in a version control system, and trivializes rollbacks; where you can use a `Git revert` to go back to your previous application state. With Git’s excellent security guarantees, you can also use your SSH key to sign commits that enforce

priorities. A great developer experience gets out of the way, leaving the developer in a flow state. DX allows developers to be more effective, by making the good thing the easy thing – in areas such important. Good DX allows for shift left.” — James Governor, Source Redmonk.com 2021 State of DevOps report The 2021 State of DevOps report released by Puppet and DORA (DevOps Research & Assessment) has organization, from every industry, across every part of the world. Mae Large, Architecture Manager at State Farm says that taking a platform approach is about enabling every product team to deploy changes

code. In GitOps, the desired state of the system is versioned and stored in a Git repository, and a reconciliation loop continuously monitors and enforces that desired state. GitOps takes DevOps practices the GitOps Working Group: The desired state of a GitOps managed system must be: 1. Declarative A system managed by GitOps must have its desired state expressed declaratively. 2. Versioned Versioned and immutable Desired state is stored in a way that enforces immutability and versioning and retains a complete version history. 3. Pulled automatically Software agents automatically

As the DevOps Research and Assessment group (DORA) found in their recent report, ‘Accelerate: The State of DevOps 2019’, there are significant gaps between the world’s best-performing organizations and This means the desired state and any changes of an entire application stack from the container cluster upwards are kept under source control. Any divergence from this desired state can be then observed which in turn boosts availability. This is achieved by using Git as the record for the desired state, alongside purpose-built software agents (the backbone of the Weave Kubernetes Platform) and the

infrastructure and/or application state is fully represented by the contents of a git repository. Any changes to the git repository are reflected in the corresponding state of the associated infrastructure Standard roll-forward or backwards in the event of failure ● Disaster recovery is “reapply the current state of the manifests” ● Experience is “pushes and pull-requests” GitOps Benefits 5 GitOps is for Everyone tool for Kubernetes. ● Easily deploy applications in a declarative way ● Synchronizes cluster state with git repos ● Works with a variety of Kubernetes deployment tools including: ○ Helm ○ Kustomize